An energetic species that has three different color morphs. Although typically red and black, this species may also be yellow and black or orange and black.
Jadera haematoloma (Herrich-Schaffer 1847)
Range: United States, Hawaii, Caribbean, Mexico, Central America to Columbia and Venezuela
Hosts: Cardiospermum corindum (Faux Persil), Cardiospermum grandiflorum (Showy Balloonvine, Showy Heartseed, or Love in a Puff), Cardiospermum halicacabum var. halicacabum (Balloon Vine or Heartseed), Cardiospermum halicacabum var. microcarpum (Balloon Vine or Love in a Puff), Koelreuteria bipinnata (Chinese Flame Tree), Koelreuteria elegans (Chinese Rain Tree), Koelreuteria paniculata (Goldenrain Tree), Sapindus mukorossi (Chinese Soapberry), Sapindus saponaria var. drummondii (Western Soapberry), Sapindus oahuensis (Hawaii Soapberry), and Serjania brachycarpa (Littlefruit Slipplejack)
Physical description: About 10 to 14 mm in length. Black dorsal side with distinctive lateral red markings along the side margin of head and pronotum (very prominent on the pronotum); eyes are red. May be orange or yellow in places that are typically red, depending on the color morph. Dark ventral side except the red abdomen and posterior segments. Legs and antennae are black. May resemble: J. diaphona (pronotum broader and longer; abdomen yellow) and J. pyrrholoma (much larger in overall size; narrower head)
Distribution
Red markers = locations of collection sites
Blue region(s) of land = inferred range
3/4 inch = 1000 miles
Click here for an interactive version of this map.
References
- Aldrich, J.R., Carroll, S.P., Lusby, W.R., et al. (1990) Sapindaceae, cyanolipids, and bugs. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 16, 199-210.
- Carroll, SP & Loye, J.E. (1987): Specialization of Jadera species (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae) on the seeds of Sapindaceae (Sapindales), and coevolutionary responses of defense and attack. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 80: 373-378.
- Carroll, S.P. (1988) Contrasts in reproductive ecology between temperate and tropical populations of Jadera haematoloma, a mate-guarding Hemipteran (Rhopalidae). Entomological Society of America, 81, 54-63.
- Carroll, S.P. (1991) The adaptive significance of mate guarding in the soapberry bug, Jadera haematoloma (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae). Journal of Insect Behavior, 4, 509-530.
- Carroll, S.P. & Boyd, C. (1992) Host race radiation in the soapberry bug: natural history with the history. Evolution, 46, 1052-1069.
- Carroll, S.P. (1993) Divergence in male mating tactics between two populations of the soapberry bug: I. Guarding versus nonguarding. Behavioral Ecology, 4, 156-164.
- Carroll, S.P. & Corneli, P.S. (1995) Divergence in male mating tactics between two populations of the soapberry bug: II. Genetic change and the evolution of a plastic reaction norm in a variable social environment. Behavioral Ecology, 6, 46-56.
- Carroll, S.P. & Salamon, M.H. (1995) Variation in sexual selection on male body size within and between populations of the soapberry bug. Animal Behavior, 50, 1463-1474.
- Carroll, S.P., Klassen, S.P. & Dingle, H (1998) Rapidly evolving adaptations to host ecology and nutrition in the soapberry bug. Evolution and Ecology, 12, 955-968.
- Carroll SP, Marler M, Winchell R, et al. (2003) Evolution of cryptic flight morph and life history differences during host race radiation in soapberry bug Jadera haematoloma. Entomological Society of America, 3, 135-143.
- Göllner-Scheiding, U. (1979): Die gattung Jadera Stal, 1862 (Heteroptera, Rhopalidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 26: 47-75. (English translation)
- Göllner-Scheiding, U. (1983): General-Katalog der Familie Rhopalidae (Heteroptera). Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 59, 37-189.
- Hoffman, R.L. and Steiner, W.E. (2005): Jadera haematoloma, another insect on its way north (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae). Banisteria, 26,7-10.
- McLennan, L.A., Lake, F.K., Carroll, S.P., et al. (1994) Genetic model for color polymorphism in Jadera haematoloma (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae). Entmomological Society of America, 87, 936-940.